![]() ![]() ![]() ![]() These radio-controlled missiles were used successfully until the Allied navies developed missile countermeasures-principally radio jamming. Some of these hit and either sank or damaged a number of ships, including warships offshore of amphibious landings on western Italy. These all used radio command-guidance from the bombardiers of the warplanes that launched them. The first ship sunk by a guided missile was HMS Egret on 27 August 1943, at the Bay of Biscay, other ships targeted were the British troop carrier HMT Rohna, sunk with heavy loss of life and the United States Navy light cruiser USS Savannah off Salerno, Italy, being seriously damaged. The German Luftwaffe used the Hs 293, the Fritz X, as well as others missiles, launched from its bombers, with deadly effect against some Allied ships. JSTOR ( February 2022) ( Learn how and when to remove this template message)Īnti-ship missiles were among the first instances of short-range guided weapons during the Second World War in 1943–1944.Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.įind sources: "Anti-ship missile" – news Please help improve this article by adding citations to reliable sources in this section. This section needs additional citations for verification. The longer-range anti-ship missiles are often called anti-ship cruise missiles.Ī typical abbreviation for the phrase "anti-ship missile" is AShM or ASHM, used to avoid confusion with air-to-surface missiles (ASMs), anti-submarine missiles (anti-submarine warfare missiles (ASWMs)), and anti-satellite missiles (ASatMs or ASATMs). The term surface-to-surface missile (SSM) is used when appropriate. Many anti-ship missiles can be launched from a variety of weapons systems including surface warships (also referred to as ship-to-ship missiles), submarines, bombers, fighter planes, patrol planes, helicopters, shore batteries, land vehicles, and, conceivably, even infantrymen firing shoulder-launched missiles. The bomber carrying it could then fly outside the range of naval anti-aircraft guns and use visual guidance via the bombardier to lead the missile to its target by radio control. A variant of the HS 293 had a TV camera/transmitter on board. These saw some success in the Mediterranean Theatre during 1943–44, sinking or heavily damaging at least 31 ships with the Henschel Hs 293 and more than seven with the Fritz X, including the Italian battleship Roma and the light cruiser USS Savannah. The first anti-ship missiles, which were developed and built by Nazi Germany, used radio command guidance. A large number of other anti-ship missiles use infrared homing to follow the heat that is emitted by a ship it is also possible for anti-ship missiles to be guided by radio command all the way. Most anti-ship missiles are of the sea skimming variety, and many use a combination of inertial guidance and active radar homing. Īn anti-ship missile ( AShM) is a guided missile that is designed for use against ships and large boats. RGM-84 Harpoon firing from USS Leahy in 1983 Martel guided anti-ship missile The MBDA Exocet anti-ship missile under a Dassault Rafale BrahMos, a supersonic cruise missile, compatible of being launched from multiple platforms. ![]()
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